I. Introductory Remarks. - 1. Some Definitions. - 2. The Sonar Model. - 3. Sonar and Radar. - 4. Statistical Problems of Sonar. - II. Procedural Fundamentals of Experimental Research in Sonar. - 5. Principal Tasks of Experimental Research. - 6. The Structural Diagram of Quantitative Experimental Research. - 7. Discrimination Functional of the Probability Characteristic and Its Statistical Estimate. - 8. The Base Model. - 9. Interpretation of Experimental Results. - 10. Objects of Experimental Research in Sonar. - III. Probability Models of Hydroacoustic Signals. - 11. Varieties of Models. - 12. A Priori Information and Probability Models. - 13. Methods for Describing Hydroacoustic Signals in Terms of Probability. - 14. Classification of Hydroacoustic Signals. - 15. Canonical Models. - 16. Parametrical Models. - 17. Additive-Multiplicative Constructive Models. - 18. Models in the Form of Oscillations with Random Amplitude and Phase. - 19. Complex Representation of Signals. - IV. The Emitted Signals. - 20. Signal Classification. - 21. Complex Representation of Emitted Signals. - 22. Ambiguity Function and Diagrams. - 23. Signals with Sinusoidal Occupation. - 24. Frequency-Modulating Signals. - 25. Noiselike Signals. - V. Echo Signals. - 26. Classification of Objects of Research and the Conditions under Which They Are Observed. - 27. Representation of Echo Signals and Their Probability Characteristics. - 28. The Model of an Echo Signal of Known Form with Constant Lag and Change in Time Scale. - 29. Echo Signal with Fluctuating Amplitude. - 30. Echo Signal Consisting of an Additive Mixture of a Signal of Known Form and a Random Component. - 31. Echo Signal with Random Amplitude Modulation. - 32. Echo Signal with Random Phase Modulation. - 33. Echo Signal with Random Frequency Modulation. - 34. Model of an Echo Signal in the Form of a Sum of Elementary Signals. - VI. Marine Reverberation. - 35. Classification of Reverberatory Signals. - 36. Discrete Canonical Model of Reverberation. - 37. Complex Representations. - 38. Characteristics of the Random Parameters of Elementary Scattered Signals. - 39. Average Value of Reverberation. - 40. Autocorrelation Function for the Complex Envelope of Reverberation. - 41. Energy Spectrum of the Complex Envelope of Reverberation. - 42. Evaluation of the Frequency-Time Cross-Correlation Function for the Complex Envelopes of the Emitted Signal and Reverberation. - 43. Generalization for the Case of Elementary Scattered Signals of Different Forms. - 44. Space-Time Correlation of Reverberation when Wideband Signals Are Emitted. - 45. One-Dimensional Semi-invariants. - 46. Probability Distributions for Instantaneous Values of Reverberation and Its Envelope. - VII. Problems of Detecting Echo Signals in the Presence of Interference. - 47. Specific Features of Detecting Echo Signals in Sonar. - 48. Probability Characteristics of Detection. - 49. Typical Probability Distributions of the Output Effect. - 50. Incoherent Detection of Simple Echo Signals with a Linear Detector. - 51. Incoherent Detection of a Noiselike Echo Signal with Quadratic Detection and Smoothing (Energy Detection). - 52. Coherent Detection of a Noiselike Echo Signal Using Cross-Correlation Processing. - 53. The Effect of Reverberation Interference on Echo Signal Detection. - 54. Detection with Multichannel Systems and Discussion of Results. - VIII. Elements of the Theory of Statistical Measurement. - 55. Basic Stages of Statistical Measurements. - 56. Statistical Measurement Errors. -57. Formation of a Statistical Estimate. - 58. Statistical Measurement Errors of the Characteristics of Nonstationary Homogeneous Random Processes. - 59. Optimization of the Parameters of the Statistical Measuring System. - 60. Adaptive Optimization. - IX. Inverse Probability Problems in Sonar. - 61. Direct and Inverse Problems. - 62. Correctness Conditions. - 63. Determination of the Probability Density for the Rates of Movement of Scatterers. - 64. Determination of the Spectrum of the Fluctuations in the Rate of Movement of Scatterers. - 65. Determination of the Relative Level of Coherent Scattering. - 66. Determination of the Average Number of Scatterers. - 67. Determination of the Frequency Properties of Scatterers. - 68. Determination of the Spatial Distribution of Scatterers. - Conclusion. Language: English